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Ujjain - City Of Victory, City Of Sanctity

 
     

Ujjain is the modern name for 'Ujjayni', a sanskrit word meaning " one who conquers with pride". Modern Ujjain is situated on the banks of the river Shipra, regarded since time immemorial as sacred. The belief in the sacredness of Shipra has its origin in the ancient Hindu mythological tale of  "Churning of the oceans by God and the Demons".

 

According to the mythologies, on churning, the ocean bed first yielded 14 gems, then Lakshmi - the goddess of wealth, and finally the coveted vessel of nectar. 

 

The vessel became the cause of  the wild scramble for immortality between the Demons and the Gods. The Demons chased the Gods across the skies for the nectar. In the process, a few drops were spilt and fell at Haridwar, Prayag, Nasik and Ujjain. Hence the sanctity of Shipra.

Though most of them have been built upon sites of antiquity, none of them have survived in the original splendor. And yet, the temples form an integral part of the city and contribute to the continuity of Ujjain's tradition of greatness.

Mahakaleshwar

 

The presiding deity of time, Shiva in all his splendor, reigns eternal in Ujjain. The temple, with its shikara soaring into the skies and an imposing façade against the skyline, evokes primordial awe and reverence with its majesty. Ujjain has one of the twelve Jyotirlingas in India. The Lingam at Mahakal is believed to be swayambhu (born by itself), deriving currents of power ( shakti) from within itself as against the other images and Lingams which are ritually established and invested with mantrashakti.

 

Kal Bhairava

 

The worship of eight Bhairavas is a part of the saivite tradition, and the chief among them is Kal Bhairava, built on the banks of Shipra. There is a mention of this temple in the Skanda Puran. Worship of Kal Bhairava is believed to have been a part of the Kapalika and Aghora sects. Even today, liquor is offered as a part of the ritual to Kal Bhairava.

 

Mangalnath

The temple is situated away from the city and is reached through a winding road. It is built on the banks of Shipra. It is regarded as the birth place of Mars, according to the Matsya Puran. In ancient times, it was famous for a clear view of the planet, and its suitability for astronomical studies.

Bhartrihari Caves

 

These caves are situated just above the bank of Shipra near the temple of God   kalika. According to a popular belief, this is the spot where Bhartrihari, step-brother of Vikramaditya, lived and meditated after renouncing worldly life. He is believed to have been a geat scholar and poet.

Kaliadeh Palace

Situated on the banks of Shipra, this island-like site immediately conjures up the natural beauty of ancient Ujjain, about which poets have written many a verses.The glorious landscape of flowing river on both sides of the palace and man-made tanks and channels provide a spectacular backdrop to the imposing building.

The Vedha shala (Observatory)

Ujjain enjoyed a position of considerable importance in the field of astronomy. According to the Indian astronomers, the Tropic of Cancer is supposed to have passed through Ujjain. It is also the first meridian of Longitude of the Hindu Geographers. The observatory was built by Raja Jai Singh (1686 - 1743). Of the many observatories built by him at Jaipur, Delhi, Varanasi, Mathura and Ujjain, this one is still actively in use.
Astronomical studies are conducted through the Department of education and the ephemeris is published every year. It is also used for weather forecasts.

Kalidasa Academy

This academy was set up to immortalise the memory of the great poet and dramatist, Kalidas .The academy is an effort to the creation of  a multi-disciplinary institution to project the genius of the entire classical tradition with Kalidasa as the apex. It enables research and study in Sanskrit,performance of classical and traditional  arts and facilitates their adoption for the contemporary stage.

The other important temples of Ujjain are:
  • Bade Ganeshji ka mandir

  • Pir Matsyendranath

  • Harisiddhi Temple

  • Gadkalika

  • Vikram Kirti Mandir

  • Gopal Mandir

  • Navgraha Mandir (Triveni)

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Route Map

How to go

By Road

Regular bus services connect Ujjain with Indore, Bhopal, Ratlam, Gwalior, Mandu, Dhar and Omkareshwar.

By Rail

Ujjain is a railway station on the Bhopal-Nagada sector of the Western Railway.

By Air

Nearest airport is Indore (55 km) which is connected by flights with Delhi, Gwalior, Bhopal and Mumbai.

Best Season

September to March