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Ujjain -
City Of Victory, City Of Sanctity |
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Ujjain
is the modern name for 'Ujjayni', a sanskrit word meaning " one who
conquers with pride". Modern Ujjain is situated on
the banks of the river Shipra, regarded since time immemorial as
sacred. The belief in the sacredness of Shipra has its origin in the
ancient Hindu mythological tale of "Churning of the oceans by God and the Demons". |
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According to the
mythologies, on churning, the ocean bed first yielded 14 gems, then
Lakshmi - the goddess of wealth, and finally the coveted vessel of
nectar. |
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The vessel became the cause of the wild scramble for
immortality between the Demons and the Gods. The Demons chased
the Gods across the skies for the nectar. In the process, a few
drops were spilt and fell at Haridwar, Prayag, Nasik and
Ujjain. Hence the sanctity of Shipra. |
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Though most of them
have been built upon sites of antiquity, none of them have survived
in the original splendor. And yet, the temples form an integral part
of the city and contribute to the continuity of Ujjain's
tradition of greatness. |
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Mahakaleshwar |
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The presiding deity of time, Shiva in all his splendor, reigns eternal
in Ujjain. The temple, with its shikara soaring into the
skies and an imposing façade against the skyline, evokes primordial awe and
reverence with its majesty. Ujjain has one of the twelve Jyotirlingas
in India. The Lingam at Mahakal is believed to be swayambhu (born by
itself), deriving currents of power ( shakti) from within itself as against
the other images and Lingams which are ritually established and invested
with mantrashakti. |
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Kal
Bhairava |
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The worship of eight Bhairavas is a part of the saivite
tradition, and the chief among them is Kal Bhairava, built on the banks of
Shipra. There is a mention of this temple in the Skanda Puran. Worship of Kal
Bhairava is believed to have been a part of the Kapalika and Aghora sects. Even
today, liquor is offered as a part of the ritual to Kal Bhairava. |
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Mangalnath |
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The temple is situated away from the city and is reached through
a winding road. It is built on the banks of Shipra. It is regarded as the birth place of
Mars, according to the Matsya Puran. In ancient times, it was famous for a clear
view of the planet, and its suitability for astronomical studies. |
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Bhartrihari Caves |
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These caves are situated just above the bank of Shipra near the
temple of God kalika. According to a popular belief, this is the spot
where Bhartrihari, step-brother of Vikramaditya, lived and meditated
after renouncing worldly life. He is believed to have been a geat scholar and poet. |
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Kaliadeh Palace |
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Situated on the banks of Shipra, this island-like site
immediately conjures up the natural beauty of ancient Ujjain, about which
poets have written many a verses.The glorious landscape of flowing river on both sides of
the palace and man-made tanks and channels provide a spectacular backdrop to the imposing
building. |
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The Vedha shala (Observatory) |
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Ujjain enjoyed a position of considerable
importance in the field of astronomy. According to the Indian astronomers, the Tropic
of Cancer is supposed to have passed through Ujjain. It is also the
first meridian of Longitude of the Hindu Geographers. The observatory was built by Raja
Jai Singh (1686 - 1743). Of the many observatories built by him at
Jaipur, Delhi, Varanasi, Mathura and Ujjain, this one is still actively in use.
Astronomical studies are conducted through the Department of
education and the ephemeris is published every year. It is also used for weather
forecasts. |
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Kalidasa
Academy |
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This academy was set up to immortalise the memory of the great
poet and dramatist, Kalidas .The academy is an effort to the creation of a
multi-disciplinary institution to project the genius of the entire classical tradition
with Kalidasa as the apex. It enables research and study in Sanskrit,performance
of classical and traditional arts and facilitates their adoption for the
contemporary stage. |
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The other important temples of Ujjain are:
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How to go |
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| Regular bus
services connect Ujjain with Indore, Bhopal,
Ratlam, Gwalior, Mandu, Dhar and Omkareshwar. |
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| Ujjain is a railway station on the Bhopal-Nagada sector of
the Western Railway. |
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| Nearest
airport is Indore (55 km) which is connected by flights with
Delhi, Gwalior, Bhopal and Mumbai. |
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